Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The new Italian cytological classification of thyroid nodules published in 2014 has replaced the TIR3 ‘indeterminate’ category into two subcategory with different risk of thyroid cancer (TC): TIR3A, low-risk indeterminate lesion and TIR3B, high-risk indeterminate lesion. The aim of our study was to describe the incidence of TIR3B in a large prospective cohort of patients, the risk of TC, and its correlation with anamnestic, ultrasonographic (US) and cyt...

One third of diabetic patients suffer from Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) that leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The molecular pathways involved remain underexplored. We showed that chronic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition (PDE5i) improve vascular inflammation [1] and tissue remodelling, reducing proteinuria [2] in murine diabetes. Our aim was to investigate the effect of PDE5i on animal and human models of DN.Materials and methods: 16 mice were randomly...

Introduction: The combination of chemotherapy with prophylatic cranial radiotherapy (C-RT) allowed the improvement of survival rates of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors while putting them at risk of develeping long-term endocrine deficiencies, like growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Current evidence suggests that the prevalence of GHD in children treated with radiation doses ≥ 30–50 Gy for non-pituitary brain tumors is...

ContextAlthough in the past andrological health has been a poorly addressed topic due to historical and cultural reasons, in recent times male reproductive and sexual health has emerged as a main healthcare issue. Young male subjects could suffer from various andrological problems, as cryptorchidism, varicocele, sexual dysfunctions, sexually transmitted infections, testicular cancers. Early finding and treatment are fundamental, especially because if som...

Background: Diabetes is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality but its impact on outcome in acromegaly is unknown.Methods: This was a nationwide, observational, matched-cohort study. Adult patients with acromegaly due to a pituitary adenoma were identified in the Swedish National Patient Registry between 1987 and 2020 and those with coexistent type 2 diabetes in the National Diabetes Registry and Drug Registry. Overall mortal...

Aims: Prolyl-4 hydroxylase domain protein 3 (PHD3) is an alpha ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase involved in the oxygen-dependent regulation of cell phenotype. While PHD3 has been reported to suppress insulin sensitivity in the liver, little is known about effects of the enzyme in insulin-secreting β-cells.Methods: βPHD3−/− mice were generated by crossing the Ins1Cre driver line with animals bearing a floxed Egln3</...

Background: Prolactinoma is the most frequent pituitary tumour. However, peculiar aspects may induce difficulties in their evolution and management. Malignant prolactinoma is exceptionally rare and it cannot be diagnosed on histological grounds alone. We report the case of a recurrent, possibly malignant macroprolactinoma.Case report: 46 years old female, addressed for bitemporal hemianopia, without other clinical signs. MRI confirmed a pituitary macroad...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility in reproductive aged women affecting ~5–10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. PCOS patients are characterized by infertility disorders, obesity, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia that persists during pregnancy. This finding allowed to suggest the hypothesis that this intrauterine environment could affect the fetus, reprogramming the insulin sensitivity of the offspring. We have developed...

Objective: After Cushing Syndrome (CS) is cured, up to 70% of patients develop chronic adrenal insufficiency (AI) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. A long-term treatment with glucocorticoids (GC) is mandatory to overcome AI. However, this treatment implies non-desired complications. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF21), a key regulator of metabolism, has a bidirectional relationship with GC that bypasses the negative feedback of the HPA axis. In this study...

Background: Male osteoporosis is undermanaged. The characteristics of men referring to health care system for bone evaluation remain partially unknown.Aim: To characterize from real-life data male patients seeking the first bone health evaluation at a tertiary academic medical center, referral for both andrological and bone diseases, over a 13-year observation period.Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study, including adult me...